我们知道,情态动词存在一词多义的现象。在情态动词中,表示推测性的有9个:
表示“可能”:might, may, could, can
表示“推测”:will, would
表示“必然”:should, ought to, must
其中,might表示的可能程度最低,must表示的可能程度最高。按照可能性程度的高低程度,以上情态动词可以表示为:
might< may < could < can < should < ought to < would< will < must
具体而言,推测性情态动词具有以下句法特征:
1. 后接动词完成体形式:
He could have gone home. 他可能已经回家了。
You must have worked out this question. 你一定已经解决这个问题了。
He might have been very sad. 他可能很伤心。
2. 后接进行体形式:
He may be writing a letter now. 他现在可能在写信。
He must be lying. 他一定在撒谎。
They must have been working these days. 这些天他们一定都在工作。
3. 后接动词的一般形式:
It must be Tom. 那一定是汤姆。
Lucy isn’t at home. She must be in the library. 露西不在家,她一定在图书馆。
4. 用于there be句式:
The plan isn’t approved. There must be some mistake in it.
计划没得以通过,一定是其中出了差错。
There could be someone in the classroom since the lights are on.
灯开着,教室里可能有人。
“推测性”情态动词是英语中易错的语法点,需要我们理清其用法,熟练掌握。