周童瑜英语易筋经：语法十二式之词法秘诀F
【ON】
1.动词+on，A)动词+ on。此时on表示“凭借，产生某结果，接通”等意思：act on对…有作用, bring on促使;导致, call on拜访某人,count on依赖, carry on执行,depend on取决, feed on以…为生, go on继续,have on穿着, insist on坚持,keep on继续, lean on依赖, live on以…为生, pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上, switch on接通(电源), work on操作, wait on侍候。B)动词+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)。此时on的意思是“以…，对…，在某方面”：base on以…为基础, congratulate on恭贺, fix on固定, have mercy on怜悯,have pity on怜惜, keep watch on监视, spend on把时间、精力花在某方面。
2.be+形容词+on的词组：be dependent on依赖, be hard on对某人苛刻, be keen on渴望。
3.on+名词构成的词组，此时on表示处于某种状态或在某个方位：on board乘(车,飞机),on call听候召唤, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire着火, on foot步行，on guard在岗，on holiday度假，on leave休假，on one’s knees跪下,on one’s way在…的路上,on purpose故意, on sale待售，on shore在岸上,on time准时, on the move行动, on the other hand另一方面, on the spot当场,on the tip of one’s tongue快要说出口, on top of在…的顶部，on watch值班。
【TO】
1.动词+to，A) 动词+ to。介词to意为“达到，指向”等：adjust to适应, attend to处理;照料, agree to赞同, amount to加起来达…，belong to属于, come to达到, drink to为…干杯，get to到达, happen to发生在某人身上, hold to紧握, lead to通向, listen to听, occur to想起, object to反对, point to指向, respond to回答, refer to参考;指的是…;涉及, reply to回答, see to负责,stick to坚持, turn to求助, write to给某人写信。B) 动词(+sth.)+to+sb.。下列动词不能直接带间接宾语sb.，要接间接宾语时须在动词后加介词to：announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解释, express to对某人表达, mention to提及, nod to向某人点头, report to报告, say to告知, shout to对某人大叫, suggest to对某人提建议,speak to与某人交谈, talk to跟某人谈话, whisper to和某人低声耳语。C) 动词+sth/sb.+ to +sth/sb.。此时介词to可译成“到，于，给”等意思：add to增加, compare to比作, carry to运送至, devote to致力于,introduce to介绍给, invite to邀请参加, leave to委托给, sentence to判处, take to带到。
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ to。to的意思是“对…”：be alive to觉察;晓得,be attentive to注意;留心, be awake to知晓, be blind to缺乏眼光,be close to紧挨着, be common to对某人来说很普通, be contrary to违反;反对, be devoted to致力, be deaf to不愿意听, be equal to有…的力量,be exposed to暴露;遭受, be fair to对…公平, be grateful to对某人心存感激, be good to对…有好处, be harmful to对…有危害,be important to对…重要, be kind to友好对待, be known to周知于,be married to嫁给, be moved to转移到, be near to靠近,be necessary to对…有必要, be opposite to在对面, be opposed to反对, be proper to专属, be polite to礼貌待人,be rude to粗暴对待, be relative to与…有关, be strange to不习惯,be similar to类似, be true to忠实,be thankful to感激, be useful to对…有用, be used to习惯。
3.to+名词构成的词组： to a degree在某种程度上, to date到现在为止,to one’s feet跳起来，to one’s mind照…看来, to one’s surprise使…吃惊,to one’s taste符合胃口, to oneself独自享用, to order定做,to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地。
【周童瑜特别提醒】：当to为介词，其后如要跟动词，则需变成doing形式。(更多详情请参见周童瑜英语易筋经：语法十二式之do/to do/doing秘诀)
