冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面帮助指明名词的含义。冠词分为不定冠词a（an）和定冠词the两种。不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念，只表示名词为不特定者。定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”、“那”、“这些”、“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。

I 不定冠词

We need an apple and a knife.

我们需要一个苹果和一把刀子。

1.a和an的区别

不定冠词有a[+]和an[+Q]两种形式，a用于辅音（不是辅音字母）开头的词前。an用于元音（不是元音字母）开头的词前。

a boy, a university, a European country

u是元音字母，但发音是[U(]，是辅音。

an hour ，an honor ，an island

h是辅音字母，但它不发音，它的音标是是元音。

an elephant， an umbrella， an egg

2（1）不定冠词的用法

①泛指—类人或物。

eg. This is a pencil case.

②指不具体的某个人或物。

eg. I met an old man On my way home.

③用在序数词前,相当于another.

eg. There’s a third boy near the shop.

④表示“每—（个）”,相当于every.

eg. They have music lessons twice a week.

必背！

give a lesson take a bath have a rest

教（一堂）课 洗（个）澡 休息

have a talk have a fever have a good time

听报告 发烧 过得愉快

have（take）a walk have a headache have a nice trip

散步 头疼 旅途愉快

a lot of, a lot, a little, a few, a glass of, such a／an, have a word with, have a look, have a try, have a swim, a quarter, half an hour, three times a day, have a talk, give a talk, ten Yuan a kilo

（2）不定冠词的位置

①不定冠词—般放在所修饰的单数可数名词前。

eg, a bike, an egg

②当名词被such, what, many修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。

eg.It took me half an hour to finish my homework.

He left in such a hurry that he forgot to close the door.

What a dangerous job it is！

Many a man has gone to the big cities for work.

③当名词前的形容词前有so, how, too等词时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后。

Eg. She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the station.

How nice a film this is！

④当名词前面有形容词和quite, rather, very时，不定冠词放在quite, rather之后,very之前。

eg.It is quite a good book.

That is rather a useful too1.

This is a very interesting story.