介词短语
介词与动词、形容词或名词结合而构成的短语动词和介词短语,含有特定的意思,并常常具有新的含义,这需要特别加以记忆。
A 动词+介词
1 ask for 要;寻求
The boy asked his father for a computer.
这男孩向他的父亲要求买一台电脑。
The beggar always asked her for a meal and a glass of beer.
这个乞丐总是向她要一顿饭和一杯啤酒。
2 arrive at/in 到达
She will arrive at the airport at 5:00.
她将于五点钟到达机场。
She has already arrived in New York.
她已经到达纽约了。
注意:1. arrive at 用于到达较小的地方,而arrive in 用于到达较大的
地方。
2. 在口语中经常用get to 代替 arrive at/in 。
She didn’t get to her office until ten o’clock yesterday morning.
昨天早上她10点钟才到达办公室。
When did you get home yesterday?
昨天你什么时候到家的?
3 call on (sb) 拜访;看望
They called on his old parents last week.
上个星期,他们去看望了他那年迈的父母。
4 look for 寻找
They all went to look for the lost child, but failed to find it.
他们都出去找那丢失的孩子,但没有找到。
5 look up 查看,查(字典)
Look up the word in the dictionary.
请在字典上查这个单词。
6 talk about 谈论某事
They are talking about the traffic accident.
他们正在谈论那起交通事故。
7 play with sth. 玩某物(玩耍)
Don’t play with fire. 别玩火。
8 stay with sb 和某人呆在一起
She enjoyed staying with him at that time.
那时她非常愿意和他呆在一起。
9 depend on 依靠;依赖
All living things depend on the sun for their growth.
万物生长靠太阳。
Mr. Zheng is a man to be depended on.
郑先生是一位靠得住的人。
10 think of 想起;想到
When I saw him , I thought of my father.
我看见他时,我就想起了我父亲。
其它常见由“动词+介词”构成的介词短语
give in投降 go on继续
hear from 收到……来信 hear of听说
help sb. with sth.帮助……做 laugh at嘲笑
learn from向……学习 leave for离开一地去另一地
talk to与……谈话 go in for从事,致力于
put on穿上,挂上 take down拿下,取了
look at(有意识地)看 speak to对某人说
send for派人去请 shout at大声叫喊,吼叫
take away拿走,带走 turn...into把……变成
wait for等候,等待 take off脱下,起飞
turn on/off打开(关上) listen to听
look after照顾,照看 look for寻找
look like看上去像 get to到达
point to指着…… fill with充满,装满
begin with以……开始 deal/do with处置,对待
meet with偶尔遇见,遭遇 pass on传递
belong to属于 write to写信给……
die of死于…… smile at向……微笑
believe in信任 look out向四下看,到处看
B be+形容词+介词
1.be good at 擅长;在….做得好
Is he good at swimming ?
他擅长游泳吗?
2.be afraid of 害怕……
The boy isn’t afraid of big dogs.
这个男孩不怕大狗。
3.be proud of 以……而自豪;骄傲
Liu Xiang is very proud of being a Chinese.
刘翔以自己是一个中国人而倍感骄傲。
4 be kind(nice) to 对……亲切;友好
Her step-mother was kind to her.
她的继父对她很好。
He is nice to us all.
他对我们大家都很好。
5.be famous for 以…..著名
Edison was famous for so many inventions.
爱迪生以众多的发明而闻名于世。
其它与形容词构成的介词短语
be late for 迟到
be different from 与……不同
be absent from 缺席;没来
be fond of 爱好;喜欢
be pleased with 乐于做……
be sorry for 为……而抱歉
C 介词+名词
这一类介词短语,主要作副词使用,在句子中起状语的作用。
1 at 在…
at home 在家 at once 立刻 at school 在学校
at least 至少 at first 起初 at last 最后
at present 目前 at the price of 以……的价格
at the speed of 以……的速度
2 by 在……旁;沿……; 靠;通过,乘
by the way 顺便说 by oneself 独自地 by mistake 错误地
by the lake 在湖边 by the end of 截止到……
by bus (train, ship, air/plane) 乘公共汽车(火车,轮船,飞机)
3 for 为了……
for oneself 为了自己 for example 例如 for a while 一会儿
for hours(years) 有几小时(年)
4 in 在……; 用……; 穿……
in class 在课堂上 in the class 在班里 in English 用英语
in time 及时 in those days 在当时 in a minute 马上
in my opinion 据我看来 in the end 终于 in red 穿红色衣服的
5 on 在……上;在……边;关于
on time 准时 on foot 步行 on one’s way to 在……的路上
on business 出差 on the phone 用电话 on strike 在罢工
on the right(left)在右边(左边) on fire 失火
on a trip 旅行 on TV 在电视上 on the train 坐火车
6 after 在……之后
after class 下课后 after school 放学后 after me 您先请
★几个易混介词的用法辨析
1.between, among
这两个介词都可以解作“在……之间”。 between常用于两者之间,among一般指在三者或三者以上之间。例如:
He is sitting between Tom and John.
他坐在汤姆和约翰之间。
He is sitting among the comrades.
他坐在同志们中间。
如果指三个以上人或物中的每两个之间时,仍然要用between。例如:
Switzerland lies between France, Italy, Austria and Germany.
瑞士位于法国、意大利、奥地利和德国之间。
2. besides, except
besides与except都可解作“除……之外”,但含义不同。
besides表示“除……以外,还有”,都在“有”的范围之内,含义