动名词

I．要点

动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。

１、动名词的形式，以write为例。

式| 语态

主动语态

被动语态

一般式

writing

being written

完成式

having written

having been written

否定式not +动名词

２、动名词的用法

（１）作主语

Playing football is my favorite sport.

Travelling with friends at weekend is fun.

作主语的动名词结构复杂且长时，可用it作形式主语。如：

It is fun travelling with friends at weekend.

（２）作宾语

I enjoy playing PC game.

He gave up writing five years ago.

（３）作表语

What he hated most was doing nothing.

Seeing is believing.

动名词作表语时，句子的主语常是无生命名词或what引导的名词性从句。

（４）作定语

There's a dining room in my school.

All the people watching laughed.

（５）动名词的复合结构"物主代词（或名词的所有格）+动名词"。如：

Tom's going home late made her mother angry.

Would you mind my opening the window?

不过，动名词的逻辑主语在遇到以下情况时，必须用名词的普通格（或人称代词的宾格）。

①无生命名词

The girls were afraid of the door suddenly closing.

Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.

②有生命名词，但表泛指。

Have you ever heard of girls smoking?

③两个以上的有生命的名词并列。

Do you still remember my parents and me coming to see you that day?

3．后面常接动名词的动词和短语

mind, enjoy, finish, consider, practise, imagine,

keep, suggest, advise, allow, permit,

be worth doing, be used to doing, be busy doing,

can't help doing, it is no good doing, it is no use doing,

look forward to doing, stick to doing, pay attention to doing,

devote to doing, lead to doing

II．例题

例１She says she doesn't feel like ____ out with you.

A going B to go C for going D went

解析：该题正确答案为A。feel like = want, 此处like 为介词，后面要接名词或动名词作宾语

例２The garden needs ____.

A water B watering C to water D watered

解析：该题正确答案为B。need = want = require. 如果物作主语，此三者后要接动名词或to be done这一结构作宾语。

例３Excuse me ____ you.

A interrupting B to interrupt

C interrupted D to have interrupted

解析：该题正确答案为A。excuse 后接动名词作宾语，此句中的me为动名词的逻辑主语（常用于口语中）。