1. 你能理解这个 if not, not. 吗
If the weather is fine, we will go. If ______, ______.
A. not, not B. no, noC. not, noD. no, not
此题应选A。这是一个省略句, 若补充完整应该是:
If the weather is fine, we will go. If the weatheris NOT fine, we will NOT go. 如果天气好, 我们就去, 若天气不好, 我们就不去。
该句的特点是:后句与前句的用词和句式完全相同, 只是前句为肯定, 后句为否定, 为了简洁起见, 将后句与前句相同部分省略, 只保留否定词 not。类似的例子(只保留否定词not)如:
1. —Can you repair it yourself? 你自己会修吗?
—I am afraid not. 恐怕不行。
(=I am afraid I can’t repair it myself. )
2. —Did you know anything about it? 这事你以前知 道吗?
—Not until you told me. 你告诉我才知道。
(=I didn’t know anything about it until youtold me. )
3. —Will it rain today? 今天会下雨吗?
—I hope not. 希望不会。
(=I hope it will not rain today. )
2. 由连词if构成的省略
The books is well written and well printed. There are few, if ______, mistakes in it.
A. anyB. some C. other D. another
此题应选A。这是一个省略句, 句中的if any=if there are any(如果有任何错误的话)。
下面是一些由连词if构成的省略实例:
1. There is very little water, if any. 即使有水也不多了。
(if any=if there is any water)
2. Fill in the blanks with a, an, the, if necessary. 在必要的地方填上a, an, the。
(if necessary=if it is necessary)
3. Are you busy this afternoon? If not, I wish youwould go with me. 你今天下午忙吗?要是不忙, 我想请你同我一起去。
(if not=if you are not busy)
4. If possible, I should like to have two copiesof it. 可能的话我希望有两本。
(if possible=if it is possible)
5. If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful. 要是管理不善, 灌溉还可能会有害。
(if not well managed=if it’s not well managed)
6. If convenient to you I will come to see you this evening. 要是你方便的话, 我今晚来看你。
(if convenient to you=if it is convenient to you)
3. 如何理解这个if not better than
Jim plays football as well as, if ______ than, Mike.
A. no better B. not betterC. no good D. not good
此题应选B。容易误选A。这是一个省略句, 其中的 ifnot better than=if he doesn’t play footballbetterthan。全句意为:吉姆踢足球如果不是比迈克踢得更好, 至少也是一样好。
请做以下类似试题:
1. Her pronunciation is as good as, if _____ than, her teacher’s.
A. no better B. not better
C. no goodD. not good
2. This bridge is as strong as, if _____ than, thatone.
A. no stronger B. not stronger
C. no strongD. not strong
3. In that business, he earned as much as, if _____than, $40000.
A. no moreB. not more
C. no much D. not much
4. He has been to Guilin as many as, if_____ than, ten times.
A. no moreB. not more
C. no much D. not much
答案:1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B
4. 如何理解这个the poor poorer
In some western countries, the rich are becoming richer, and ______.
A. the poor the poor B. poor poor C. the poor poorer D. poorer the poor
此题应选C。这是一个省略句, 若补充完整应为:
In some western countries, the rich are becomingricher, and the poor are becoming poorer. 在有些西方国家, 富人变得更富, 而穷人则变得更穷。
前后两句谓语相同, 后句承前省略。类似的有:
1. I am a teacher and my sister a nurse. 我是老师我姐姐是护士。
(...my sister a nurse=...my sister is a nurse)
2. John won the first race and Mick the second. 约翰赢了第一场比赛, 米克赢了第二场比赛。
(...and Mick the second = ...and Mick won thesecond race)
3. In the accident the son was wounded, but themother killed. 在事故中, 儿子受伤, 母亲丧命。
(...but the mother killed=...but the mother waskilled)
有时若后句的主语和宾语等与前句相同, 则可一起省去:
4. He did it and quite successfully too at the beginning. 他这样做了, 而且一开始就很成功。
(=He did it and he did it quite successfully too at the beginning. )