情态动词
(can,may,must,should,will,would,shall等)
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,表示“可能”,“可以”,“需要”,“必须”,“应当”等意思。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,后面的动词要用原形。
1)can和may都可以用来表示请求或允许,但may比can更正式,更客气些。
如:Can I use your pen? May I come in?
2)must和should
① must意为“必须,应当”,含有一种命令的语气,比较生硬,不容商量。
② should意为“应当,应该”,表示建议或劝告,语气比较委婉,客气。
如:You must finish your homework before you go to bed.
You should stay in bed and have a good rest.
3)will和would用于疑问句,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,用would比will更委婉,更客气。如:Will you please open the window? Would you like some coffee?
注意区别:
I’d like… 我想要……(接名词) 如:I’d like some tea.
I’d like to… 我想要做……(接动词原形)如:I’d like to go with you.
I like… 我喜欢……(接名词或动名词)如:I like monkeys. I like reading.
4) shall 在问句中表示征求对方的意见,主要用于第一人称。
如:Shall we go there by bus?
5)否定形式:can’t,may not,mustn’t,shouldn’t,wouldn’t,shall not