1. 你会使用形式主语吗
Is ______ necessary to complete the design before NationalDay?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
此题应选C, 其余各项均有一定的干扰性。这里主要考察形式主语it的用法。一般说来, 当主语是比较复杂的成分(如不定式、动名词、从句等)时, 通常在句首使用形式主语 it, 而把真正的主语放在后面：
Is it necessary to tell his father everything?有必要把这一切都告诉他父亲吗?
It is wrong to say anything like that on thatoccasion. 在那种场合说那样的话是错误的。
It’s no good sitting up too late. 熬夜没有好处。
It’ll be wonderful lying on the beach all day. 整天躺在海滩上该是多么妙啊!
It is quite clear that he has read the book. 很显然, 他读过这本书。
It’s a problem where we could get so much money. 我们到哪里去弄这么多钱, 这是一个难题。
有时可在用作主语的不定式前加上介词 for / of短语：
It is very kind of you to say that. 你这样说, 真是太好了。
It is important for us to keep the balance ofnature. 我们要保持生态平衡, 这点很重要。
2. 你会使用形式宾语吗
I don’t think ______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. thisB. thatC. itsD. it
此题的选项A, B都容易误选。其实此题应选D, 主要考察形式宾语it的使用。一般说来，形式宾语it主要用于以下句型：动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语。其中的动词通常是 think, find, feel, believe, take, consider, make 等；其中的宾语补足语通常是形容词, 有时是名词；而其中真正的宾语通常是比较复杂的成分(如不定式、动名词、从句等)：
We found it difficult to persuade her. 我们发现很难说服她。
He makes it a rule to get up before dawn. 他习惯于天亮前起床。
We found it an easy thing to get along with him. 我们发现与他相处很容易。
I think it very strange that he goes out walking
almost every night. 我认为他几乎每晚都出去散步是很奇怪的。
有时可在用作宾语的不定式前加上介词 for / of短语：
Poeple felt it impossible for man to fly intothe outer space some years ago. 几年前, 人们觉得人不可能飞入太空。
I don’t think it wise for [of] him to choosesuch a difficult subject. 我认为他选择这样难的学科是不明智的。
3. 介绍一种特殊用法的形式宾语
May I take ______ that you have agreed to stay with us.
A. this B. that C. it D. all
此题选C, 这是一种比较特殊的形式宾语。一般说来，形式宾语it主要用于以下句型：动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语。也就是说在通常情况下, 要用形式宾语, 原句型应有宾语补足语。以上句型特殊之处就在于：在形式宾语和真正的宾语(名词性从句)之间没有宾语补足语。类似情况有：
I take it (that) you agree. 我以为你同意了。
Lenin has it that imperialism is the last stageof capitalism. 列宁认为帝国主义是资本主义的最后阶段。
Report has it that about 30 people were killedin the accident. 据报道, 在这次事故中大约在30人丧命。
I’ll see to it that all these letters will besent to the post before twelve. 我将注意让所有的信件在12点以前送到邮局。
You may depend on it that he will turn up intime. 你可以相信他会及时赶到的。
I can’t answer for it that the boy is honest. (=I can’t answer for his honesty). 我不能保证这个 男孩是诚实的。
I can swear to it that this man stole our money. 我可以发誓, 这个人偷了我们的钱。
4. it用法一特例
I hate ______ when people ask me for money.
A. itB. thatC. theseD. them
此题应选A, 这是it一种比较特殊的用法, 虽然一般书上论述不多, 但它却经常出现在各级各类考试中, 比如1998年的高考英语就有这样一道题：
I hate ______ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. itB. that C. theseD. them
此题答案为A。
适合于以上用法的动词不多, 常见的主要有 hate, like, 当它们后面接有when / if从句时, 从句前应有it：
I don’t like it when she tells me how to dothings. 我不喜欢她对我做事指手划脚。
She won’t like it if you arrive late. 她不喜欢你迟到。
He hates it when people use her bike. 他讨厌别人用她的自行车。
I hate it if you say such things in public. 我讨厌你在大庭广众之下说那样的事。
有时动词appreciate后接if从句, 从句前也要用it：
I would appreciate it very much if you wouldhelp me with it. 如果你能帮助我做这事, 我会十分感激。
I should much appreciate it if you would arrangethis for us. 如果你能替我安排这事我将非常感激。
5. it还是he
有这样一道题，哪空该填 it 哪空该填 he?
a. Jim is at the door. ______ wants to see you.
b. Someone is at the door. ______ must be Jim.
A. That, It B. It, HeC. He, ItD. Who, He
此题应选C。第a. 句填代词 he，是因为前面一句用了Jim这一身份和性别都很明确的名词；第b. 句填代词it，是因为前面一句了someone这一指代不明确的代词。
一般说来, 在指代身份或性别明确的人时, 通常要根据情况用代词he / she；若是指代身份或性别不明的人, 则用代词it：
I don’t know who it is. 我不知道那是谁。
A tall man stood up and shook hands with her. It was the general manager. 一个高个子站起来同她握了手，他是总经理。
Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was. 一定有人来过，但我们不知道是谁。
There was somebody standing in front of the shop, but I couldn’t see who it was. 商店前站着一个人，但我没看清是谁。
A：Who has let out the secret? 是谁泄漏了密秘?
B：It must be a big mouth. 一定是个快嘴。
A：I hear a knock at the door. 我听见有人在敲门。
B：It must be the postman. 一定是邮递员来了。
A：Do you know who that is? 你知道那个人是谁吗?
B：I suppose it is Mary’s father. 我想那是玛丽的父亲。
6. it在某些固定句式中的使用
Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A. this B. that C. he D. it
此题选 D。注意在以下句式中通常都用it作主语：
It looks as if that he is very rich. 他看起来好象很富有。
It seems that he is interested in music. 他似乎对音乐有兴趣。
It appears as if they have lost interest. 看来他们已失去了兴趣。
It happened that he was there with us. 碰巧他当时和我们在一起。
It matters little if I miss my bus. 即使我没搭上公共汽车也没什么大不了的。
顺便说一下It doesn’t matter. 的有关用法：
1. It doesn’t matter. 单独使用(即其后不接词)时，也可说成 That doesn’t matter. 其意为“没关系”(主要用来回答道歉和表示某事不是很重要)：
A：Would you go there with me? 你愿和我一起去吗?
B：I’d like to, but I have to post these letters.
我很愿意去，但我要去寄这些信。
A：That [It] doesn’t matter. 没关系。
2. It doesn’t matter. 若不是单独使用, 而是在其后跟有从句, 则句首的it便不能改为that：
It doesn’t matter to me whether she is pleasedor not. 她是否满意对我而言并不重要。
7. it在强调句中的使用
______ these boys that played tricks on their teachers.
A. They wereB. It were C. There were D. It was
此题应D。这是一个强调句型，其基本结构为：
It is＋被强调部分＋that(who)＋其它
该句型应注意以下几点：
1. 不管被强调部分是单数还是复数，其前一律用It is / It was，而不能用They are / There were之类的。
2. 被强调部分是指人时，被强调部分后可用that / who，被强调部分指物时，被强调部分后只能用that。
3. 被强调部分是指时间或地点时，被强调部分后通常用that，一般不用when, where之类的。
It is I who am right. 是我对。
It was you that were wrong. 是你错了。
It was in the Japan that he died. 他是死于日本。
It was yesterday that he got married. 他是昨天结婚的。
It was a computer that he bought last week. 他上个星期买的是一台电脑。
Where was it that she lived? 她是住在什么地方?
When was it that he left for Japan? 他是什么时候离开去日本的?
Who is it that teaches you English? 是谁教你们英语?
