1定义:直接引语和间接引语:在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。在书写时,直接引语用引号。用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。
2、直接引语改变为间接引语:
直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点:
①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。
②人称作相应变化;
如:She said, “I went to see Mr. Liu yesterday.” 她说:“我昨天去看过刘老师了。”
She said that she had gone to see Mr. Liu the day before. 她说那天她去看过刘老师了。
③时态的变化列表如下:
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时:
“I am very glad to visit your workshop,” she said.
“我很高兴参观你们的车间。”她说。
一般过去时:
She said that she was very glad to visit our workshop.
她说她很高兴参观我们的车间。
正在进行时:
“I am checking your homework now,”his mother said.
“我现在正在检查你的作业,”他母亲说。
过去进行时:
His mother said that she was checking his homework then. 他母亲说她当时正在检查他的作业。
现在完成时:
“Have you handed in the money for the tickets?”the monitor asked. “你交票款了吗?”班长问。
过去完成时:
The monitor asked me if I had handed in the money for the tickets. 班长问我是否交票款了。
一般过去时:
She said, “My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.” 她说,“我母亲昨天带我去看了展览。”
过去完成时:
She said that her mother had taken her to an exhibition the day before. 她说她母亲前一天带她去看了展览。
但是,要注意下面的情况:直接引语说的是科学真理、格言时,无论主句用何时态,间接引语仍用一般时。如:
The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”老师说:“太阳在东方升起,在西边落下。”
The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.