1. there be结构的主谓一致
在英语里表示什么地方或时间存在什么事情就用此结构,句子的结尾往往带有地点状语或时间状语。其中there是引导词,本身没有词意,be是谓语动词,be后面的名词是主语。be的数与后面的名词一致,若be后是两个或多个并列的名词,be则与靠得最近的那个名词的数一致。如:
There was a meeting yesterday. 昨天有个会议。
There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔、两本书和好些铅笔。
比较:There are two books, a pen and many pencils on the desk.
2. there be与have的比较
(1) 用法不同:there be 表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物,而have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物,作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有。
(2) 结构不同:there be + sb./sth. +时间/地点(副词或介词短语);sb./sth. + have +sb./sth. else
There are some children in the garden.花园里有几个孩子。
She has three cars. 她拥有三辆汽车。(汽车是属于她的)
注:若是部分与整体关系时,有时用两种表达方式都可以。如:
A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。
3. there be的否定和疑问
(1) 否定式:be后面加not(any)或no。如:
There are not any boats on the river. 河上没有船。
(2) 疑问句:是把be移到there的前面来。如:
Are there any boat on the river? 河上有船吗?
Yes, there are..(No, there are not.) 有。(没有。)
注:若有别的助动词时就不一样了,请看:
There won’t be a football match tomorrow, will there? 明天没有足球赛,对吗?
There usedn’t to be a tall tree here, used/didn’t ther? 以前这里有棵高树,是不是?
There seems to be something wrong with you, doesn’t there? 你好像有些不舒服,对吗?
There happened to be a well there, didn’t there? 那里碰巧有口井,是不是?