[00:10.28]learn to recognize and pronounce full and educed English vowels ,

[00:16.16]learn to recognize and pronounce stressed and unstressed syllables and words in Englis

[00:24.23]Part 1

[00:25.80]Pre-listening Exercise

[00:29.01]The English language uses 20 different vowel sounds ,and 24 different consonant sounds

[00:36.77]A lot of the sounds are similar to the sounds in Chinese

[00:41.71]A few English sounds,like final consonants,are difficult for Chinese speakers .

[00:49.00]Chinese words usually end either in-n,-ng,or a vowel.English words,however,can end with many different consonants .

[01:00.60]In fact ,many words end in a consonant cluster (two or more consonants

[01:07.08]For example,look at the ending of consonants.It ends with a combination of the sounds /n/,/t/,and /s/.

[01:16.58]English final consonants are very important for two reasons .

[01:21.47]One reason is that English words with different meanings often begin with the same sounds.

[01:29.23]For example,the only sound difference between "you "and "use "is the final sound:

[01:36.23]"use "ends in the consonant sound /z/.The only sound difference between "word "and "work"is the final consonant:/d/or /k

[01:47.75]Only the final consonant sound tells your listener which word you mean .

[01:53.52]Another reason is that final consonants often show whether a noun is singular or plura

[01:59.95]or whether a verb is in the past or present tense ,for example "noun"(singular)or "nouns"(plural

[02:09.09]"show"(present tense )or "showed "(past tense).

[02:14.52]If you don’t recognize final consonants when you hear them,you may not be able to understand English speakers

[02:22.88]If you don’t pronounce final consonants clearly ,English speakers may not be able to understand you .

[02:31.08]Listening Exercise

[02:33.75]Exercise Three (b

[02:37.25]1.you us

[02:39.71]2.lie lik

[02:42.06]3.know not

[02:44.54]4.go goa

[02:46.92]5.play plagu

[02:49.61]6.so soa

[02:52.24]7.ray rac

[02:54.83]8.paw paus

[02:57.55]9.sigh sid

[03:00.24]10.two toot

[03:01.61]Exercises 3(d)

[03:04.80]1.blue bloo

[03:07.10]2.bay bath

[03:09.27]3.row rob

[03:11.85]4.lie lif

[03:13.94]5.char charg

[03:16.14]6.key kee

[03:18.39]7.mar mars

[03:20.61]8.car carv

[03:22.72]9.pea peac

[03:25.02]10.we whee

[03:25.85]Pronunciation Exercise

[03:28.54]Exercises 4

[03:30.79]1.rat

[03:33.24]2.sho

[03:35.67]3.chequ

[03:37.87]4.car

[03:40.48]5.pric

[03:42.85]6.traffi

[03:45.55]7.loca

[03:48.16]8.credi

[03:50.61]9.languag

[03:53.25]10.surcharg

[03:56.23]11.hote

[03:58.68]12.foreig

[04:01.45]13.subu

[04:04.35]14.jacke

[04:06.97]Exercises 5(b)

[04:10.02]1.drin

[04:12.22]2.dam

[04:14.31]3.bes

[04:16.45]4.coat

[04:18.88]5.rule

[04:21.12]6.worl

[04:23.58]7.make

[04:25.88]8.bronz

[04:28.33]9.coun

[04:30.82]10.kep

[04:33.14]11.card

[04:35.78]12.tent

[04:38.29]13.twelft

[04:40.56]14.clothe

[04:43.17]15.live

[04:45.94]16.tomb

[04:48.60]Exercises 6(b)

[04:51.56]1.painting

[04:54.25]2.differen

[04:56.89]3.mountain

[04:59.81]4.provinc

[05:02.84]5.interes

[05:05.79]6.instanc

[05:08.28]7.aroun

[05:10.94]8.projec

[05:13.45]Part

[05:15.09]Pre-listening Exercises

[05:17.81]English has more than one sound for each of the written vowels a,e,i,o,and

[05:25.33]Sometimes the sounds change because of spelling rules,but the most common sound change occurs when one syllable is emphasized

[05:36.46]or stressed ,more than the others .In words of more than one syllable ,one syllable is always stresse

[05:45.00]In long words,more than one syllable may be stressed

[05:49.76]Stressed syllables always have a nomal ,full vowel sound ,like the first syllable of "emphasized

[05:58.01]The unstressed vowels in the other syllables are often reduced ,that is ,spoken very quickly and quietly ,like the -a-in"emphasized".

[06:09.27]Have you ever been unalbe to recognize an English word when you first hear it ,even though you know the word very well when you see it in print?

[06:18.52]That’s probably because the word contains one or more reduced vowel

[06:24.47]Reduced vowels are spoken quickly and quietly ,so they lose their distinctive pronunciation .

[06:32.81]There are really only two reduced vowel sounds in English

[06:37.20]One sound is the reduced/i/.You can hear it in a word like "im/tate

[06:43.73]The other sound is more common .It’s usually represented by the sound symbol/2

[06:49.94]It’s used for the reduced vowels/a/,/e/,/o/and /u/.It sounds something like the pronunciation of the -0-in "pronunciation

[07:00.92]the -a-in the word "syllable "or the -e-in "vowel"-in other words,it’s hardly pronounced at al

[07:09.77]The vowels,a,e,o,and u are written with different letters of the alphabet ,but they sound almost the same when reduced .

[07:18.81]It’s more important to be able to hear reduced vowels than to be able to pronounce the

[07:24.66](English speakers will understand you even if you don’t use reduced vowels

[07:29.75]If you don’t recognize reduced vowels when you hear them,you may have problems understanding what an English speaker is saying

[07:37.72]It’s important to practise noticing reduced vowels as you read and listen to the texts in this book .

[07:44.93]Listening Exercise

[07:47.28]Exercises 2(a)

[07:50.05]1.agree

[07:54.78]2.visi

[07:58.65]3.garde

[08:02.98]4.meta

[08:06.33]5.roya

[08:10.24]6.Chin

[08:13.43]7.weathe

[08:17.01]8.belie

[08:20.67]9.civi