英语易混词汇大排查 Part1
1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数;cloth指布,为不可数名词;clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 。
2. incident, accident
incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故。如:He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
amount后接不可数名词, number后接可数名词,如:a number of students。
4. family, house, home
home 指家,包括住处和家人,house指房子、住宅,family指家庭成员,如:My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound指自然界各种各样的声音,voice指人的嗓音,noise指噪音,如:I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing
photo指用照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片、图片、电影片,drawing指画的画,如:Let’s go and see a good picture.
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary指词汇,一个人拥有的单词量;word指具体的单词。如:He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
population指人口、人数,people指具体的人,如:China has a large population.
9. weather, climate
weather指一天内具体的天气状况,climate指长期的气候状况,如:The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road指具体的公路、马路,street指街道,path指小路、小径,way指道路、途径。如:take this road; in the street; show me the way to the museum.
11. course, subject
course指课程(可包括多门科目),subject指科目(具体的学科),如:a summer course。
12. custom, habit
custom指传统风俗、习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接to do;habit指生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接of doing。 如:I’ve got the habit of drinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth.;reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth., 如:the reason for being late。
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise指运动、锻炼(不可数),exercises指练习(可数),practice指(反复做的)练习。如:Practice makes perfect.
15. class, lesson
作“课”解时,两者可以替换;指课文用lesson,指班级或全体学生用class,如:lesson 6; class 5。
16. speech, talk, lecture
speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说,talk指日常生活中的一般的谈话、讲话,lecture指学术性的演讲、讲课,如:a series of lecture on…
17. officer, official
officer指部队的军官,official指政府官员,如:an army officer 。
18. work, job
二者均指工作,work不可数,job可数,如:a good job。
19. couple, pair
couple主要指人或动物,pair多指由两部分组成的东西,如:a pair of trousers。
20. country, nation, state, land
country侧重指版图、疆域,nation指人民、国民、民族,state侧重指政府、政体,land指国土、国家。如:The whole nation was sad at the news.
21. cook, cooker
cook指厨师,cooker指厨具,如:He is a good cook.
22. damage, damages
damage是不可数名词,指损害、损失;damages为复数形式,指赔偿金,如:$900 damages。
23. police, policeman
police是警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词;policeman 指某个具体的警察。如:The police are questioning everyone in the house.
24. problem, question
problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise;question常和疑问连系,多和ask, answer连用。
25. man, a man
man指人类,a man指一个男人。如:Man will conquer nature.