Lesson Eighteen ;
Words and Expressions ;
accept/k’sept/ vt.接受 accuse/’kju:z/ vt.指责,控告 ;
advantage /d’va:ntid/n.优点 apply/’plai/ vi.适用 ;
bargain/’ba:gin/ vi.讨价还价,议价 buy/bai/vt.& vi.买 ;
bought/b:t/ (过去式,过去分词) ;
carrier bag /’kri bg/ n.购物袋 ;
cash/k/ n.现金,现款 cheque/tek/ n.支票(=[美]check) ;
close/kluz/vt.关,闭 compare/km’pe/ vt.比较 ;
compensate /’kmpenseit/ vt.& vi.补偿 ;
considerable /kn’sidrbl/ adj.相当大(或多)的 ;
consult/kn’slt/ vt.查阅 i consumer/kn’sju:m/ n.消费者,用户 ;
convenience /kn’vi:nins/ n.便利,方便 ;
convenience food n.方便食品 credit/’kredit/ n.信用 ;
credit card n.信用卡 customary /’kstmri/ adj.习惯的 ;
department store n.百货商店 detection/di’tekn/ n.检测 ;
develop/di’velp/ vt.发展,使成长,使发达 differ/’dif/ vi.不同，相异 ;
differ from 与...不同 discount/’diskaunt/ n.折扣 ;
discount store n.廉价商店 display/dis’plei/ 陈列 ;
electrical /i’lektrikl/ adj.电的,电动的 ;
electronic /ilek’trnik/ adj.电子的 ;
exchange/iks’teind/ vt.交换,调整 faulty/’f:lti/ adj.有缺点的,不完善的 ;
goods/gudz/ n.商品,货物 ;
guarantee /,grn’ti:/ n.保证,保证书 ;
high-street /’haistri:t/ n.(城镇的)主要街道 ;
household /’haushuld/ adj.家庭的 import/im’p:t/vt.进口 ;
internationally /,int:’nnli/ adv.国际上,世界上 ;
internationally-known adj. 国际知名的,世界闻名的 low/lu/adj.低的 ;
major/’meid/ adj.较大的,较重要的 ;
manufacturer /,mnju’fktr/ n.制造商,制造厂 ;
overseas/’uv’si:z/ adj.外国的 part/pa:t/ n.部分 ;
particularly /p’tikjulli/ adv.特别,尤其 ;
pay/pei/ vt.& vi.支付,付款 paid/peid/ (过去式,过去分词) ;
policy/’plisi/ n.政策,方针 ;
preparation /,prep’rein/ n.准备,配制 ;
price/prais/ n.价格,价钱 product/’prdkt/ n.产品 ;
prosecution /,prsi’kju:n/ n.起诉,告发 ;
providing /pr’vaidi/ conj.以...为条件,假如 ;
queue/kju:/n. (人或车辆等)行列,长队 ;
range/reind/ vi.(在一定范围内) 变化,变动 ;
range from...to 在...至..的 范围内变化,变动 ;
receipt/ri’si:t/ n.收据,增值税 ;
resident/’rezidnt/ n.居民 ;
right/rait/ n.权利 ;
self-service /’self’s:vis/ n.顾客自理,无人售货 (类似超市) ;
service/’s:vis/ n.服务 shopkeeper /’p,ki:p/n.店主 ;
shoplifting /’p,lifti/ n.冒充顾客进商店行窃 ;
slightly/’slaitli/ adv.稍微 ;
specialize /’spelaiz/ vi.专门从事 ;
specify/’spesifai/ vt.详细说明 sterling/’st:li/ adj.英币的,英镑的 ;
street/stri:t/ n.街道,马路 ;
supermarket /’sju:p,ma:kit/ 超级市场 ;
tax/tks/ n.税 theft/eft/ n.偷窃,盗窃 ;
transfer/trns’f/ vt.转移 traveller/’trvl/ n.旅行者,旅客 ;
traveller’s cheque n.旅行支票 unless/n’les,n’les/ n.如果不,除非 ;
useful/ju:sfl/ a.有用的 value/’vlju:/n.价值 ;
VAT /vi:ei’ti,vt/ n.Value Added Ta的首字母略词, ;
Proper Noun Napoleon 拿破仑 ;
TEXT ;
Shopping in Britain ;
Most shops in Britain are closed on Sundays ;
but open all day Monday to Saturday. Many towns and, ;
villages also have a half day closing during the week from about 13:00, ;
but they may stay open later on another evening. ;
There are one or two shopping customs ;
in Britain which may differ from your practice at home. ;
Bargaining is not customary in shops; ;
customers are expected to pay the marked price for goods. ;
The famous British queue applies particularly when shopping. ;
You may not always see a queue, ;
but those waiting are expected to take their turn. ;
In self-service shops and street markets, remember to take your own shopping bag ;
because many shops charge you for carrier bags. ;
In self-service shops, ;
however, always put the goods in the wire baskets provided by the shop first, ;
then pay for them and transfer them to your own bag later. ;
If you forget and put them straight into your own bag and leave without paying, ;
you may be accused of "shoplifting" ;
which can lead to a police prosecution for theft. ;
Unfortunately, this is a fairly common form of theft in some parts of Britain and ;
many shops have electronic detection equipment and a tough policy on prosecution. ;
If you are buying expensive household ;
goods you may like to consult Which magazine in a public library. ;
In this magazine the cost and quality of products from various ;
manufacturers are compared. ;
In recent years, Britain has developed ;
a considerable body of law to protect consumers’rights. ;
For example, ;
shops must exchange faulty goods providing you can produce a receipt, ;
so do keep receipts and guarantees, particularly for major purchases. ;
Napoleon I is said to ;
have remarked over 150 years ago that the British were a nation of shopkeepers’, ;
today the variety of different shops is certainly an advantage. ;
They range from the internationally-known ;
department stores to much cheaper local street markets. ;
Most areas have what used to be known as "corner shops" for local residents which ;
often keep longer hours than the high-street shops. ;
Their slightly higher prices are usually compensated for by their convenience. ;
There are also discount stores specializing, for example, ;
in electrical goods, ;
where you may find prices much lower than in the normal high-street shops. ;
In general, supermarkets and street markets are ;
particularly good for fresh fruit and vegetables and in many places they have a ;
wide range of imported foreign foods ;
which may remind you of home! ;
There are also "convenience" foods which are already cooked, ;
need little preparation and are useful for people in a hurry. ;
VAT or Value Added Tax is a government purchase tax of ;
fifteen percent added to many goods and most services. ;
Most prices include tax unless otherwise specified, ;
but on large purchases it is wise to check. ;
As an overseas visitor you might not have to pay VAT on some large purchases. ;
You can pay for goods by cash, ;
by cheque on a British bank account with a bank guarantee card, ;
or by sterling travellers’cheques, usually with no problem. ;
If the shop displays a credit card sign, ;
it will accept that particular credit card. ;
Lesson Nineteen ;
Words and Expressions ;
advancement /d’va:nsmnt/ n.前进;进展 ;
angry /’gri/ adj.生气的 ;
biz/biz/=business n.[美俚]商业;生意 chain/tein/ n.连锁,连锁店 ;
childrearing /’taildriri/ n.抚养孩子 ;
combine/km’bain/ vt.使结合 ;
commute/k’mju:t/ vi.两地往返; 乘公交车辆上下班 ;
commuter/ka’mju:t/ n.两地往返的人 conduct/kn’dkt/ vt.经营;处理 ;
disappear/dis’pi/ vi.不见;消失 distance/’distns/ n.距离 ;
earache/’ireik/ n.耳痛 ;
enthusiasm /in’ju:zizm/ n.热情 ;
estimate/’estimeit/ vt.& vi.& n.估计 flexible/’fleksbl/ adj.可变通的,灵活的 ;
fly/flai/vi.乘飞机 flew/flu:/(过去式) flown/flown/(过去分词) ;
further/’f:/ adj.更远的;进一步的 graduate/’grdjuit/ n.大学毕业生 ;
hard /ha:d/adj.艰苦的 hate/heit/痛恨,不喜欢 increase/in’kri:s/ vt.& vi.增加 ;
independent /,indi’pendnt/ adj.独立的 ;
journalism /’d:nlizm/ n.新闻业 ;
marriage/’mrid/ n.结婚 memorize/’memraiz/ vt.记住 ;
mommy/’mmi/ n.[美]妈咪 ;
newscaster /’nju:zk:st/ n.新闻广播员 ;
obstacle/’bstkl/ n.障碍 own/un/ vt.拥有 ;
plus/pls/ prep.加上 politics/’plitiks/ n.政治 ;
producer/pr’dju:s/ n.生产者; (电影或电视)制作人 ;
reach/ri:t/vt.达到 requirement /ri’kwaimnt/ n.要求 ;
researcher /ri’s:t/n.研究人员 respond/ris’pnd/ vi.回答;反应 ;
scarce/skes/ adj.缺乏的;罕见地 ;
schedule/’edju:l/ [美]/’skedul/ n.日程表,时间表 ;
sense/sens/n.感觉 separation /,sep’rein/ n.分离;(夫妻)分居 ;
solidLy/’slidli/ adv.坚固地;可靠地 support/s’po:t/ vt.支持 ;
telephone /’telifun/ n.电话 ;
tend/tend/vi.趋向 toddler/’tdl/ n.蹒跚行走的孩子 ;
tolerance/’tlrns/ n.忍受 tuck/tk/ vt.掖好(被子)等 ;
vice/vais/副的 wake/weik/叫醒 woke/wouk/(过去式) ;
waken/’weikn/ (过去分词) whatever/wt’ev/ pron.无论什么 ;
Proper Nouns Bob/’bb/(男人名) Boston/’bstn/ (美国)波士顿(市) ;
Davis/’deivis/ (姓) Doris/’dris/(女人名) ;
Etelson/’i:tlsn/ (姓) Hayden/’heidn/(姓) ;
Kate/’keit/(女人名) Long(姓) Newark/’nju(:)k/ [美国]纽瓦克 ;
Ohio/u’haiu/(美国) 俄亥俄(州) Robert/’rbt/ (男人名) ;
Susan/’su:zn/(女人名) Yarmouth Port (美国地名) ;
TEXT ;
The Ways and Means of Lons-Distance Marriases ;
Kate Hayden,32,and Bob Long,37,a couple for eight years and ;
a married couple for four, have never lived together in the same town or house. ;
She is a newscaster at WABC-TV in New York City. ;
He is an independent TV producer-director in Los Angeles. ;
Kate is on call seven days a week, ;
so Bob flies in to spend two weeks with her every month. ;
The rest of the marriage is conducted by telephone. ;
They talk six or seven times a day, and last month their phone bill was $800." ;
I tuck her in at night and wake her up in the morning," says Bob. ;
"There is nothing good about separation, but we refuse to let it be an obstacle." ;
Such determination helps. ;
There are at least 700,000 commuter couples, ;
according to some estimates. ;
The requirements are simple enough-jobs in two different cities, ;
each too good to turn down,a full-time sense of humor, ;
the ability to memorize airline schedules plus a tolerance for the ;
earaches that come from hours on the telephone. ;
According to the researchers, ;
about half of these married commuters are in the academic world, ;
where work schedules are flexible and jobs too scarce to turn down. ;
But the numbers are increasing in business, ;
politics, show biz, and journalism. ;
The education level is high-about 90 percent have done some graduate work. ;
Family income tends to average $ 3000 to $ 40000 a year. ;
Often the commuting comes about because ;
the wife has reached a level at which further advancement means moving, ;
and the husband solidly supports the move. ;
Doris Etelson,51, the first woman vice-president of Howard Johnson Co., ;
the restaurant chain, has been married for 32 years and commuting for five. ;
When she was offered the job in Boston, her husband Robert, ;
54,who owns a company in Newark, responded with enthusiasm. ;
"She supported me for years," ;
he says, "and now she should get whatever success she can get." ;
Combining long-distance marriage ;
with childrearing is the hardest part of commuting. ;
One two-year-old child of a commuter marriage, ;
who lives with his father in Yarmouth Port, Massachusetts, ;
has been to the airport so often that he calls all airplanes "Mommy". ;
Some toddlers,like the 18-month-old daughter of Susan Davis, ;
just hate commuting. "She was really very angry ;
that her father had disappeared, "says Susan." ;
He would kiss her and she would turn her head away." ;
So Susan’s husband gave up a high-level job in Ohio and is now back in Chicago. ;
