Japan fought on Sunday to avert a meltdown at two earthquake-crippled nuclear reactors. The second hydrogen explosion in three days rocked Japan’s stricken Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant Monday, sending a massive column of smoke into the air and wounding 6 workers. The massive quake and tsunami, which may have killed more than 10,000 people, is being described as the nation’s biggest crisis since World War II. The country is struggling to respond to a disaster of epic proportions, with millions of people without water or power and whole towns wiped off the map. The Japanese Meteorological Agency upgraded the magnitude of Friday’s massive earthquake from 8.8 to 9.0, the strongest ever recorded in Japan.
上周日,日本政府全力奋战,避免地震中受损的两座核反应堆熔毁。本周一,福岛第一核电站再次发生氢气爆炸,这是地震发生三天来的第二次爆炸。一股浓烟腾空升起,造成6名工人受伤。据悉,本次强震和海啸死亡人数可能已逾1万,堪称日本自二战后最大的一场危机。日本政府正在全力应对这场史无前例的灾难。目前数百万人断水、断电,几座城镇被海啸吞没。日本气象厅把上周五地震的震级由原来的里氏8.8级调整为9.0级,是日本有史以来最严重的一次地震灾害。
目前,日本本国以及各国救援队正在加紧救援,希望灾难中的人们早日被解救出来。我们也来学习一下跟地震有关的英语知识。
表示地震,最常用的是earthquake,还可以用quake,shake,shock,tremor,temblor [美语] (pl. -s, -blores )来表示。形容地震的破坏程度,可以用下面的词:
damage 损害,损伤;〔口语〕伤害,毁坏。
destroy 毁坏,破坏;摧残。
shatter 破坏;捣毁;破灭。
devastate 蹂躏,破坏;使荒废;毁灭。
level 推倒,夷平。
flatten 夷为平地。
上文中的magnitude(A measure of the amount of energy released by an earthquake, as indicated on the Richter Scale里氏震级中用以衡量地震强度的单位)就是“震级”,而epicenter(the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake)指的就是“地震中心”或“震中”。除此之外,还有几个地震相关的专业词汇:
seismology 地震学
epicenter 震中
tsunami 海啸
death toll 死亡人数
evacuation 撤离
tremor 颤动,震动
aftershock 余震
magnitude 震级
wreckage 残骸
survivors 幸存者
rescue team 救援小组