1.all, both同属前位限定词,但all可以与三类名词搭配,both只能与复数可数名词搭配,从意义上讲both指两者,all指三者或三者以上。如:
How much time will you take for all this work?
All children can be naughty sometimes.
I got both these vases in Spain.
Both cats are asleep.
all和both用于否定时表示部分否定。
例如:
I cannot promote both of you.
我不能使你们两个都提升。
All flowers in his garden are not red.
他花园里的花并非都是红色的。
Both (of them) are not my brothers.
他们两个之中,只有一个是我的兄弟。
另外,表示部分否定的词还有every (everyone)。
例如:
Every man can not be a poet.
并非人人都可以成为诗人。
要表达全部否定要用none / no (nobody) , neither, either等。
例如:
I cannot promote either of you.
你们两个我都不能提拔。
No flower in his garden is red.
他花园的花都不是红的。
2.all 和every从意义上十分相近,都用来泛指人或物,然而两者各自与名词搭配的类别不同,every只能与单数可数名词连用。如:
All Mondays are horrible.
(= Every Monday is horrible. )
all后可以跟the或this, my等限定词,而every却不行。
例如:
All the boys of this class are able to run faster than their teacher.
试比较:
She was here all day.她在这里呆了一整天。
She was here every day. 她天天都在这里。
3.every和each同属中位限定词,都可与单数名词连用,且意义相近,表示’每个’,然而every和each并不完全一样,every强调整体概括,each则表示个别概念。例如:
Each day is better than the one before.
一天比一天好。
Every player was in good form.
每个运动员都处于最佳状态。
如果不特别强调某一意义时,every和each可以互换。
例如:
We want every child to succeed.
我们希望每个孩子都成功。
Each child will find his own personal road to success.
每个孩子将会找到他个人的成功之路。
each可以指两个或两个以上的人或东西,every却不能指两个,只能指三个以上的数量。例如:
Each sex has its own physical and psychological characteristics.
男女各有其身体上和心理上的特点。(不能说every sex...)
另外,如有其他限定词同时修饰中心词,each可作代词取each of的形式,而every则只能作限定词。例如:
Each of my parents gave me presents for Christmas.
过圣诞节时我父母每人都给我送了礼物。
4.either 和neither 同属中位限定词,与名词连用时不能和其他限定词同用(如冠词,物主代词,或指示代词)。either 和neither都只修饰单数可数名词,动词也用单数。例如:
Either day is OK.
两天中哪一天都行。
Neither car is exactly what I want.
这两辆车都不是我想要的。
There were trees and flowers on either side of the street.
街两旁都有树和花。
Either kind of school is quite suitable.
两种学校都挺适合。
either也可指’两个都’与both的意义相近,但both后接复数名词,either则只接单数名词,而且both还可与其他限定词搭配。例如:
Both (of) my children have been to America.
另外,当either, neither与其他限定词连用时,则使用either of, neither of结构。例如:
Either of the girls is quite capable of the work.
两位女孩都能胜任这项工作。
Neither of his cats has been fed.
他的两只猫都还没喂。
注意:此时动词用单数,不能用复数。但在否定句中却常用复数,neither of后单复数动词都可以,只是复数常用在非正式文体中。?????? 例如:
I don’t think either of the girls are capable of the work.
我认为这两个女孩都不能胜任这项工作。
Neither of your two answers is correct.
你的两个回答都不正确。