• adj. 现任的；依靠的；负有职责的
• n. 在职者；现任者；领圣俸者

in-,进入，使，在上面，-cumb,躺，词源同incubate,succumb.即躺在上面的，引申词义在任者。

incumbent (n.)

early 15c., "person holding a church position," from Medieval Latin incumbentem (nominative incumbens) "holder of a church position," noun use of present participle of incumbere "to obtain or possess," from Latin incumbere "recline on," figuratively "apply oneself to," from in- "on" (see in- (2)) + -cumbere "lie down," related to cubare "to lie" (see cubicle). Extended to holders of any office from 1670s.

incumbent (adj.)

1560s, in relation to duties or obligations, from Latin incumbentem (nominative incumbens), present participle of incumbere (see incumbent (n.)). The literal, physical sense is rare in English and first attested 1620s.

1. It is incumbent upon all of us to make an extra effort.

我们所有人都必须加倍努力。

来自柯林斯例句

2. the present incumbent of the White House

现任美国总统

来自《权威词典》

3. He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.

他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长.

来自《简明英汉词典》

4. The old man is an incumbent.

那位老人是一位教区牧师.

来自《简明英汉词典》

5. It is incumbent upon us to do so.

这样做是我们义不容辞的责任.

来自《简明英汉词典》